Some lab experts advise that clinical laboratories and pathology practices should also plan on delayed payments for COVID-19 testing for uninsured patients
Regardless of whether infection rates for SARS-CoV-2 continue to wane or perhaps surge again, business changes are coming for staff at clinical laboratories and anatomic pathology groups. Forward-thinking lab administrators will want to evaluate post-pandemic strategies for labs to stay ahead of potential legal issues and keep their organizations financially healthy.
The public health emergency stemming from COVID-19 is set to expire April 16. That deadline could be extended. However, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is under pressure from some circles to end the public health emergency, which would affect some health insurance provisions and potentially rein in relaxed rules for telemedicine.
“If you’re a laboratory, now is the time you need to start buttoning up [the above] concerns. You don’t want to be at the mercy of a quick cutoff,” said Jon Harol, president of Lighthouse Lab Services in Charlotte, N.C. The company hosted a webinar last week called “Preparing Your Clinical Lab or Pathology Practice for Post-COVID Success.”
Pathologists and clinical laboratory leaders should consider post-pandemic strategies for labs in the following areas:
- COVID-19 testing for uninsured patients;
- Preparations for government audits of SARS-CoV-2 tests performed during the pandemic; and,
- Repurposing PCR equipment used for COVID-19 testing into other areas of clinical diagnostics.
These strategies will be explored further during the Executive War College Conference on Laboratory and Pathology Management, which takes place April 27-29 in New Orleans. Leaders of innovative clinical laboratories will share how their lab teams are helping to improve patient outcomes while encouraging health insurers to pay them for this value.
COVID-19 Testing for Uninsured Patients
On March 22, the U.S. Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) announced that its COVID-19 Uninsured Program stopped accepting claims for testing and treatment due to lack of sufficient funds. This development affects 8.6% of the nation’s population that doesn’t have medical insurance, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.
For clinical laboratories, the announcement could lead to delayed payments for COVID-19 tests performed on uninsured patients, said Mick Raich, President of Revenue Cycle Management Consulting at Lighthouse Lab Services, who also spoke during the webinar. Medical laboratories and pathology groups should anticipate reimbursement gaps and how that might affect revenues collected from payers.
“Labs are going to do the testing and are going to bill for it, and there will probably be some retroactive payment,” Raich explained.
With midterm elections happening this year, don’t be surprised to see HRSA funding reinstated for COVID-19 testing for uninsured people, commented Robert Michel, Editor-in-Chief of The Dark Report and Founder of the Executive War College.
“We’ll have to wait and see. After all, it is an election year, so the representatives and senators in Congress would like to be re-elected,” added Michel, who also presented during the webinar.
“It is reasonable to assume that members of Congress don’t want to disappoint the clinical laboratories that stepped up to the table in the earliest days of the pandemic and have done huge volumes of COVID-19 testing.”
Preparations for Government Audits of Pandemic Testing
Another post-pandemic strategy for labs: Prepare for audits of COVID-19 test claims from the HHS Office of Inspector General (OIG).
The OIG has already stated it will begin to review HRSA claims for testing of uninsured patients to verify that, in fact, those people were not covered by Medicare or a private payer.
Ahead of any OIG action, labs should consider performing self-audits to determine whether they complied with HRSA requirements. “The best thing you can do is go back and look at the first two months of your billing. Do an audit to ask: Did we bill anybody with insurance by accident?” Raich suggested. “Take a hundred of those claims and audit them.”
If a medical lab finds problems with uninsured COVID-19 billing, it may be prudent to self-report those discrepancies to the government rather than ignore them. “That looks a lot better to the OIG than tucking the stuff in a desk drawer and waiting for someone to knock on your door,” Raich noted.
Harol predicted the OIG will also review another aspect of how COVID-19 test claims were coded. Auditors will want to see if PCR test claims coded for higher reimbursement if the results were reported within 48 hours actually met that requirement.
“I expect that we’ll see auditing of the coding that was used. Under COVID, you got paid more if you were running tests on a high-throughput platform. It was almost an honor system there. I don’t know that I’ve seen much outside verification of that,” Harol explained. “I’m curious to see if there will be OIG pushback and more documentation required to prove the code was correct.”
Repurposing PCR Equipment Used for COVID-19 Testing
When the pandemic finally winds down, there will be less demand for COVID-19 testing, which could leave PCR equipment collecting dust unless labs make plans now on how to repurpose those systems.
“If you have a PCR instrument that can be revalidated, you want to start thinking about putting in a panel that tests for UTIs, sexually transmitted diseases, respiratory diseases, or women’s health,” Harol explained. “Those types of tests can be done on the equipment that a lot of COVID testing was being performed on, and it can be performed by the same scientists with that same skillset. That’s the low-hanging fruit.”
The next step is more complicated: Moving into the future, clinical laboratories need to determine what menu of tests will meet the needs of patients who previously submitted COVID-19 specimens for testing.
“The patient relationship is going to be the most important thing. That puts labs at the head of the table,” Harol continued. “How can you market your laboratory services directly to patients who might be interested?”
Watch for Developments in Telemedicine
Any post-pandemic strategies for labs will be influenced by how state governments and federal health officials regulate telemedicine in the future.
Telemedicine rules affect pathologists who work on digital pathology systems given those platforms enable slides to be reviewed from any location.
Pathologists and clinical laboratory directors should keep their eyes on whether telemedicine rules revert to more onerous requirements once the public health emergency lifts. Before the pandemic, rules for physicians licensed in one state generally limited when they could practice over state lines through telemedicine.
“In response to the pandemic, both the federal government and the states relaxed many prohibitions on the practice of medicine across state lines. This is significant for pathologists,” Michel said. “There is speculation that once government officials let this genie out of the bottle regulatory-wise, they won’t be able to put it back in. Thus, there are many predictions that officials at the state and federal level will be under pressure to retain the newer telemedicine rules after the pandemic has ended.”
Telemedicine proved to be a big benefit for Medicare patients during the pandemic. A report from HHS in December indicated telehealth visits in 2020 for Medicare beneficiaries increased 63 times, from approximately 840,000 in 2019 to 52.7 million. That fact should catch the attention of clinical lab managers and pathologists who want to keep their labs at the front edge of clinical services. For Medicare beneficiaries who see their physicians virtually, labs need the capability to access that patient so as to collect the samples needed to perform those tests ordered by the physician during the telehealth consultation.
—Scott Wallask
Related Information:
On-Demand Webinar: Preparing Your Clinical Lab or Pathology Practice for Post-COVID Success
Executive War College Conference on Laboratory and Pathology Management
HRSA updates about Provider Relief Fund
Audit of Health Resources and Services Administration’s COVID-19 Uninsured Program
